異母照顧文章

異母照顧文章
Original Article
Folia Primatol 2015;86:491–505
DOI: 10.1159/000443307
Non-Maternal Infant Handling in Wild
Formosan Macaques of Mount Longevity,
Taiwan
Minna J. Hsu a Shu-I Lin a Jin-Fu Lin a Tai-Jung Lin b
Govindasamy Agoramoorthy b
a Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung , and
b College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung , Taiwan, ROC
Key Words
Macaca cyclopis · Allomothering · Sex differences · Grooming · Mother-infant
relationship
Abstract
In this paper, we present quantitative data on how the social network and sex of
infants influence allomothering behaviour among wild Formosan macaques, Macaca
cyclopis . Using long-term field data collected from the Mount Longevity study site in
Kaohsiung (Taiwan), we have tested relevant hypotheses incorporating data on age,
rank and reproductive state of infant handlers, and the relationship between handlers
and infants. The results support 2 major hypotheses, i.e. those of reciprocity and alliance
formation. Nevertheless, neither could account for the observed occurrences of unrelated
infant handling by dominant females. © 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel
Introduction
Allomothering or allomaternal care is the handling of infants by individuals other
than the mother, and this unique behaviour occurs widely in the order Primates
[Isler and van Schaik, 2012] and has been described in 74% of 154 species to date
[Chism, 2000; Tecot and Baden, 2015]. In addition to non-human primates, this behaviour
occurs in various other species of animals as well [Hrdy, 1976; Riedman,
1982; Kohda, 1985; Lee, 1987; Emlen et al., 1991; Packer et al., 1992; Stanford, 1992;
Ivey, 2000; Förster and Cords, 2005; Dugdale et al., 2010]. The adaptive significance
has been of considerable interest among zoologists [Mitani and Watts, 1997; Solomon
and French, 1997; Ross and MacLarnon, 2000; Meredith, 2015]; therefore, various

政府做了什麼？與其毫無意義的研究計畫，不如補助農民的損失

政府做了什麼？與其毫無意義的研究計畫，不如補助農民的損失

1.臺灣獼猴保育、經營與管理等談了20幾年毫無成效可言，因為獼猴依然失去了家園，農民的損失依然存在。

2.20幾年來各種的研究計畫依然是不著邊際、空洞或乏善可陳的內容，並製造出假的獼猴族群數量、假的議題等各類型的假象。

3.20幾年來各種的研究計畫依然是學者的斂財之術，因為這些學者是把臺灣獼猴污名化的始作俑者。

4.20幾年來各種的研究計畫依然是僅作參考的資料，毫無實質的意義。所以與其浪費毫無意義的研究計畫之經費，不如補助農民的損失。

5.假如一項研究計畫的經費約2百萬，補助農民的損失約20萬，政府為何不去做呢？